3.+Colon+Cancer+(cont.)

Colon cancer (cont.). (2009). Retrieved August 18, 2009, from eMedicineHealth Web site: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/colon_cancer/page2_em.htm Causes, Environmental-


 * “Diet: Whether diet plays a role in developing colon cancer remains under debate. The belief that a high-fiber, low-fat diet could help prevent colon cancer has been questioned. Studies do indicate that exercise and a diet rich in fruits and vegetables can help prevent colon cancer.”

“Obesity has been identified as a risk factor for colon cancer.”

“Smoking: Cigarette smoking has been definitely linked to a higher risk for colon cancer.”

“Drug effects: Recent studies have suggested that estrogen replacement therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin may reduce colorectal cancer risk.”**

Causes, Hereditary-

“Adenomatous polyposis syndromes tend to run in families.”

“ Most colorectal cancers arise from adenomatous polyps-clusters of abnormal cells in the glands covering the inner wall of the colon. Over time, these abnormal growths enlarge and ultimately degenerate to become adenocarcinomas.” “In these conditions, numerous adenomatous polyps develop in the colon, ultimately leading to colon cancer.”


 * “Adenomatous polyposis syndromes tend to run in families. Such cases are referred to as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).”**

“Another group of colon cancer syndromes, termed hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndromes, also run in families. In these syndromes, colon cancer develops without the precursor polyps.”

“HNPCC syndromes are associated with a genetic abnormality.”

“HNPCC syndromes are sometimes linked to tumors in other parts of the body.”


 * “The risk of colon cancer increases 2-3 times for people with a first-degree relative (parent or sibling) with colon cancer. The risk increases more if you have more than one affected family member, especially if the cancer was diagnosed at a young age.”**